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EFFECT OF GLUCOSE INJECTIONS ON TISSUE REPAIR

These articles demonstrate how injecting a glucose solution causes the release of growth factors.  Growth factors are essential in repairing the body.

Molloy T, Wang Y, Murrell G: The roles of growth factors in tendon and ligament healing. Sports Med 2003;33:381-394

Di Paolo S, Gesualdo L, Ranieri E, et al: High glucose concentration induces the overexpression of transforming growth factor-beta through the activation of a platelet derived growth factor loop in human mesangial cells. Am J Pathol 1996; 149(6):2095-2106.

Oh JH, Ha H, Yu MR, et al: Sequential effects of high glucose on mesangial cell transforming growth factor-beta 1 and fibronectin synthesis. Kidney Int 1998; 4(6):1872-1878.

Jones SC, Saunders HJ, Qi W, et al: Intermittent high glucose enhances cell growth and collagen synthesis in cultured human tubulointerstitial cells. Diabetologia 1999;42(9):1113-1119.

Murphy M, Godson C, Cannon S, et al: Suppression subtractive hybridization identifies high glucose levels as a stimulus for expression of connective tissue growth factor and other genes in human mesangial cells. J Biol Chem 1999;274(9):5830-5834

Fukuda K, Kawata S, Inui Y, et al: High concentration of glucose increases mitogenic responsiveness to heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor in rat vascular smooth muscle cells. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 1997;17(10):1962-1968.

Ohgi S, Johnson PW: Glucose modulates growth of gingival fibroblasts and periodontal ligament cells: correlation with expression of basic fibroblast growth factor. J Periodontal Res 1996;31(8):579-588.

Pugliese G, Pricci F, Locuratolo N, et al: Increased activity of the insulin-like growth factor system in mesangial cells cultured in high glucose conditions. Relation to glucose-enhanced extracellular matrix production. Diabetologia 1996;39(7): 775-784.

Dahlgren LA, van der Meulen MC, Bertram JE, et al: Insulin-like growth factor-1 improves cellular and molecular aspects of healing in a collagenase-induced model of flexor tendinitis. J Orthop Res 2003;20:910-919

Liu X., Luo F., Pan K., Wu W., Chen H. High B. High glucose up regulates connective tissue growth factor expression in human vascular smooth muscle cells 1t , 2007, BMC cell biology, volume 8